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權威作家們犯過的語法錯誤

有時,就算是最頂尖的演說家和作家也會犯錯。許多在我們的認知裏不可能犯錯的權威作家都多多少少觸犯過基本的語法原則,違背一個或多個詞類的使用規則。實際上,有的作家甚至不斷違反所有九個詞類的規則,但他們仍然坐在榮譽寶座上,接受眾人的崇敬。麥考萊就曾錯用過冠詞。他寫道,

例46

That a historian should not record trifles is perfectly true.

(一個曆史學家不應記錄瑣事,這句話是完全正確的。)

他應該用an。

狄更斯(1)也錯誤地使用過冠詞。他稱《魯濱孫漂流記》為

例47 an universally popular book(一本廣受歡迎的書)

正確寫法應該是a universally popular book。

名詞和代詞之間的關係一直都是演說家和作家麵前的絆腳石。哈勒姆(2)在他的作品《歐洲文學》中寫道:

例48

No one as yet had exhibited the structure of the human kidneys, Vesalius(3) having only examined them in dogs.

(到目前為止,還沒有人成功地展示過人類的腎髒,維薩裏僅僅檢測過狗的腎髒。)

這句話的正確寫法應該是,

No one had as yet exhibited the kidneys in human beings, Vesalius having examined such organs in dogs only.

(到目前為止,還沒有人成功地展示過人類的腎髒,維薩裏僅僅檢測過狗的腎髒。)

亞瑟·赫爾普斯爵士(4)在寫到狄更斯時這麽說:

例49

I knew a brother author of his who received such criticisms from him (Dickens)very lately and profited by it.

(我認識他的一個兄弟作家,就在不久前,他從他(狄更斯)那兒得到一些評價,受益匪淺。)

這裏不應該用it,而應該用them,才符合criticisms這個詞的形態(複數)。

以下是一些著名作家犯的代詞方麵的錯誤。

例50

Sir Thomas Moore(5) in general so writes it, although not many others so late as him.