序言
[1]. For a review linking time famine to negative outcomes, see L. Giurge and A. V. Whillans, “Beyond Material Poverty: Why Time Poverty Matters for Individuals, Organisations, and Nations” (working paper, Harvard Business School, no. 20-051, 2020).
[2]. My research documents a link between time orientation (as measured by the Taylor-versus-Morgan question) and well-being, work hours, volunteering, and daily time-use decisions. A. V. Whillans, A. C. Weidman, and E. W. Dunn, “Valuing Time over Money Is Associated with Greater Happiness,” Social Psychological and Personality Science 7, no. 3 (2016): 213-222.
[3]. Whillans et al., “Valuing Time over Money Is Associated with Greater Happiness.” See also J. F. Helliwell and R. D. Putnam, “The Social Context of Well-Being,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences 359 (2004): 1435-1446.
[4]. A. V. Whillans and E. W. Dunn, “Valuing Time over Money Is Associated with Greater Social Connection,” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36, no. 8 (2019): 2549-2565.
[5]. G. M. Sandstrom and E. W. Dunn, “Social Interactions and Well-Being: The Surprising Power of Weak Ties,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 40, no. 7 (2014): 910-922.
[6]. A. V. Whillans, J. Pow, and M. I. Norton, “Buying Time PromotesRelationship Satisfaction” (working paper, Harvard Business School, no. 18-072, January 2020).
[7]. A. Whillans, L. Macchia, and E. Dunn, “Valuing Time over Money Predicts Happiness after a Major Life Transition: A Preregistered Longitudinal Study of Graduating Students,” Science Advances 5, no. 9 (2019): eaax2615. For a review, see E. W. Dunn, A. V. Whillans, M. I. Norton, and L. B. Aknin, “Prosocial Spending and Buying Time: Money As a Tool for Increasing Well-Being,” Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 61 (2019): 67-126.
[8]. A. V. Whillans, A. Lee-Yoon, and E. W. Dunn, “When Guilt Undermines Consumer Willingness to Buy Time” (working paper, Harvard Business School, no. 18-057, January 2018, revised January 2020).