首頁 京師法律評論(第七卷)

五、結語

由於藝術偽造行為表現形式的多樣性,在德國尚沒有發展出對其專門的法律調整,盡管有人對此曾經深入探討過。[21]目前在德國,對藝術偽造行為的遏製,仍然是根據其不同表現形式而適用不同的法律規定。但不論是哪一種藝術偽造形式,都不能排除德國《刑法典》的適用。[22]這充分體現了德國《刑法典》在遏製藝術偽造鬥爭中所發揮的至關重要的作用。此外,在德國並不是簡單地將藝術偽造行為歸入侵犯著作權的範圍內,而是根據其不同表現形式加以區別。除藝術模仿和藝術篡改會涉及侵犯被署名人的著作權外,對於在自己和他人作品署某人名的行為則不能認定為侵犯了被署名人的著作權。這說明,德國仍然保留了大陸法係的傳統,即著作權法保護作者著作權的前提是必須有其作品存在。“他山之石,可以攻玉。”德國的這些經驗值得我們思考和借鑒。

The Legal Regulation of Art Forgery in Germany——Compared with Chinese Law

Han Chifeng

Abstract:There are both general and special understandings of art forgery in Germany.The general understanding includes the imitation of artistic works,the falsification of artistic works and art fraud.The special art forgery is consistent with foregoing art fraud that they both have nothing to do with the works of the undersigned.From the perspective of German legal application,there are two kinds of art forgery,the one having nothing to do with the works of the undersigned and the one opposite.The former is defined according to laws except German Copyright Law,while the latter is based on both German Copyright Law and the relevant provisions of German Criminal Law.Compared with Chinese law,German Copyright Law is more emphasis on work-exist as a precondition to protect authors' copyright.In addition,the regulation of art forgery relating to the works of the undersigned in Germany is more stringent than China.